This article summarizes information about changes in natural and anthropogenic desertification processes and the patterns of their manifestation in the Aral Sea region. In connection with the intensification of desertification, the arid-zonal factor began to play a decisive role in soil-forming processes—the rapid transition of hydromorphic soils to automorphic desert ones. It was revealed that with a sharp change in climate and the intensification of the desertification process in the main part of the Aral Sea territory, hydromorphic conditions disappeared and the landscapes acquired a desert character, the soil cover reached a typically desert stage of development, its biogeocenoses disappeared, and tugai vegetation also dried out. And also, this article is about the characterization of the soil cover of the Aral Sea region Desert-sandy soils, gray-brown soils, takirs and takyr soils are widespread in the region. We are also talking about the specific conditions of soil formation prevailing on the dried bottom of the Aral Sea. The study was carried out as part of the research plan of the Research Institute of Soil Science and Agro chemistry on applied and fundamental projects on an applied topic: .KHA-7-006-2015 “A comprehensive study of the irrigated soils of the lower reaches of the Amu Darya, fertility assessment, the establishment of lands subject to degradation, the improvement of their ecological and land reclamation conditions and the development of recommendations for restoring their fertility” (2015-2017), as well as fundamental KHF-5-006 topic “The formation and transformation of the soil cover of the Aral Sea region under conditions of climate change” (2017-2020).
Volume 12 | 06-Special Issue
Pages: 620-631
DOI: 10.5373/JARDCS/V12SP6/SP20201072