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Retinal Abnormalities in Prodromal Stage Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review


Nishi S. Das* and S. Palanikumar
Abstract

The World Alzheimer Report 2015, reports that thereare around 46.8 million Alzheimer patients worldwide. This may double in every 20 years, and by 2030 it may increase to 74.7 million and 131.5 million by 2050. It further adds that in India there are about 4.1 million cases. This study demonstrates the immediate need for the implementation of governmental and non governmental policies to enhance the quality of the life of dementia patients, not only now but also in the future. The largest percentages of dementia patients have Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is nearly 60 to 80 percent of the total cases. Till date, no complete cure of this disease is available, only six drugs are accepted by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment and these drugs temporarily improve the symptoms of the patient by increasing the amount of chemicals in the brain called the neurotransmitters. To keep the statistics below margin, and to carry out further research on the drugs for treatment, computer-aided prodromal diagnosis plays the key role. The overview of the Computer Aided Alzheimer’s Detection (CAAD) consists of feature extraction, feature selection, and classification. In this paper, the first section provides an outline about the ailment, whereas in the second section various works related to the detection of the particular disease have been discussed. And finally, in the discussion and conclusion part we also propose a prodromal stage diagnosis like Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) by analyzing the abnormalities of the retinal portion of the eye that not only extends but also have the same effect as that of the brain

Volume 11 | 04-Special Issue

Pages: 236-244